Yellowing of the nails is not always a sign of a disease. Sometimes, the cause of this discoloration may relate to frequent use of dark nail polishes, contact with colored substances, or even tobacco use. However, in some cases, yellowing of the nails may indicate fungal infections, separation of the nail from the nail bed, or underlying diseases. Therefore, identifying the cause of nail yellowing can help in choosing the appropriate treatment method.
Common Causes of Nail Yellowing
The pigments present in nail polish, especially dark polishes, may penetrate the surface layer of the nail and gradually cause it to yellow over time. This discoloration usually resolves gradually with nail growth and replacement of the discolored part. To prevent this issue, it is recommended to use a base coat before applying nail polish and to avoid harsh cleaning of the nail surface.
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Fungal infection is one of the common causes of nail discoloration, especially in toenails. In this condition, the nail may turn yellow or white, and its thickness may increase. Individuals whose feet remain in a moist environment for long periods or who have a history of fungal foot infections are more susceptible to this infection. Diagnosing a fungal nail infection may sometimes require sampling and testing. Complete growth of a new nail after treatment may take 12 to 18 months.
Other Causes of Nail Yellowing
In some cases, the nails may separate from their underlying bed, a condition known as onycholysis. Repeated trauma, prolonged hand use, excessive contact with water and detergents, improper manicures, and skin disorders such as psoriasis can contribute to this problem. A separated nail usually does not reattach to its bed, and recovery depends on the growth of a new nail.
Additionally, poor nutrition and deficiencies in certain nutrients can also affect nail growth and quality. Individuals suffering from deficiencies in iron, zinc, and other nutrients may experience changes such as brittleness or growth disorders of the nails. If yellowing of the nails is accompanied by other symptoms such as persistent fatigue, pallor, or hair loss, medical consultation is essential.
Tobacco use can also cause yellow spots on the nails and the skin of the fingers. This discoloration is more commonly seen in individuals who smoke regularly. However, yellowing of the nails alone cannot indicate that a person is a smoker, as other factors may also cause a similar appearance.
Yellow Nail Syndrome is a rare disorder in which the nails gradually become yellow, thick, and grow slowly. This syndrome is more commonly diagnosed in adults and may be associated with respiratory problems and fluid accumulation around the lungs. If yellowing and thickening of the nails are accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling of the legs or respiratory issues, medical evaluation is important.
Finally, if yellowing of the nails occurs without a clear cause or does not resolve and is accompanied by other symptoms such as thickening, breaking, or separation from the bed, consulting a dermatologist is recommended. Yellowing of the nails along with yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, especially if accompanied by dark urine or significant weakness, requires prompt medical evaluation.
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