Afghan migrants in Iran struggle with deep and complex issues that have significantly increased in recent years. Many of these problems stem from the economic and social conditions of the country and weigh heavily on this oppressed group.
Insurance Challenges and Residency Renewal
One of the biggest problems Afghan migrants face in Iran is mandatory insurance tied to residency renewal. For years, these individuals have been grappling with this challenge, and a high percentage of them cannot afford the high insurance costs. For instance, to renew residency cards, each Afghan national must pay nearly 9 million tomans. This amount is extremely burdensome under the current economic conditions in Iran, especially for families of five, who must pay around 45 million tomans just for health insurance.
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Unfair Conditions for Document Renewal
In addition to insurance costs, another condition that has emerged for renewing migrants' documents is having a housing tracking code. Iranian landlords must register with government-related agencies for this code to be issued. However, many landlords are unwilling to register for various reasons, leading to more problems for migrants. Additionally, some migrants who have lived in Iran for years and even purchased homes must register their properties under Iranian names to renew their documents.
Job Restrictions and Hard Work
Afghan migrants also face numerous job restrictions. To renew their documents, each migrant must obtain a work permit from the Iranian Labor Department. However, this department only permits a few limited jobs, such as working in poultry or dairy farms. For example, in Mashhad, no Afghan can engage in any economic activity within a three-kilometer radius of the Imam Reza Shrine, which has severely impacted their lives and livelihoods.
Why Don't Afghan Migrants Leave Iran?
A question that may arise is why Afghan migrants do not leave Iran despite these problems. The answer to this question is simple. Many of these individuals are forced to remain in Iran, and those who had the means to leave did so years ago. Migration is recognized as an accepted principle worldwide, and the presence of migrants in any country can contribute to its economic growth and development.
The Vital Role of Afghan Migrants in Iran's Economy
Afghan migrants play a significant role in the development and economic progress of Iran. Given the declining birth rate in Iran, the need for foreign labor is acutely felt. If governments can view Afghan migrants as a valuable workforce equal to Iranian citizens, they can leverage their potential. These individuals are present at all service levels, from healthcare and medicine to trade and culture, and despite all the restrictions, they contribute to Iran's advancement.
These problems and challenges reflect the harsh realities of Afghan migrants' lives in Iran. Despite hardships and discrimination, they continue to strive for a better future.
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