Cluster headache is one of the types of headaches that often occurs in clusters and during specific periods. This type of headache usually affects middle-aged men with a history of smoking. Cluster headache is designed for the patient to experience between one to eight attacks per day during a specific time period; these attacks may recur for one to three months a year or every two years.
Pain Experience and Distressing Symptoms
The pain from a cluster headache is typically felt on one side of the head and is very intense. In this type of headache, the eye on the painful side becomes red and may tear, the eyelid may droop, and the nose may experience runny or congested symptoms. The headache attack begins suddenly and usually lasts between 30 to 60 minutes. During this time, most sufferers are restless and agitated and cannot sit still. Some may resort to walking, running in place, or even banging their heads against the wall to alleviate the pain. Nausea and sensitivity to light and sound may also accompany this pain.
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Treatment Methods for Cluster Headache
For treating cluster headache, high-flow oxygen inhalation immediately after the onset of an attack can be very effective and is often able to stop the attack. Additionally, the medication sumatriptan is recognized as one of the treatment options for this type of headache, especially when administered via injection. Some patients may prefer to use lidocaine nasal spray, dihydroergotamine injection, or other treatments.
To prevent cluster headache attacks, the medication verapamil, which belongs to the class of calcium channel blockers, is recognized as the most effective option. This medication helps reduce the number and severity of attacks and is considered an effective solution for many patients with cluster headache.
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